Ammonia is currently being investigated as a potential fuel, mainly for maritime transportation. It can be considered a so-called "electro-fuel" (or e-fuel), as it can be produced from nitrogen (from the air) and hydrogen (through electrolysis of water). The electricity for this process can be generated from wind, solar, or other sustainable sources.

A key advantage of ammonia is that it burns without producing carbon dioxide. However, there is currently limited knowledge about its behavior in an internal combustion engine. Ammonia has a relatively low calorific value, and characteristics like a low cetane number and slow flame speed make it difficult to apply in combustion engines. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to improve its applicability. It is worth noting that fuel cells for ammonia use are already available.